Free Guide · 2026 · Updated August 2026

Medicare Enrollment Periods Explained (2026)

Medicare only lets you sign up or change plans during specific windows. Miss them and you can owe a permanent penalty. Here is every window, with 2026 dates.

Initial Enrollment Period (IEP)

Your 7-month window around your 65th birthday: the 3 months before your birthday month, your birthday month, and the 3 months after. This is when most people first enroll. Find yours with the sign-up window calculator.

Annual Enrollment Period (AEP)

October 15 – December 7 every year. This is when anyone with Medicare can join, switch, or drop a Medicare Advantage or Part D plan. Changes take effect January 1. This is the busiest window of the year. (See our AEP 2026 guide.)

Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment (OEP)

January 1 – March 31. If you are already in a Medicare Advantage plan, you get one chance here to switch to a different Advantage plan or go back to Original Medicare.

General Enrollment Period (GEP)

January 1 – March 31 for people who missed their Initial Enrollment Period and don't qualify for a Special Enrollment Period. Coverage starts the month after you enroll — and a late penalty may apply.

Special Enrollment Periods (SEP)

Triggered by qualifying life events — losing employer coverage, moving, leaving a plan that ended, and more. These let you enroll or change outside the normal windows. The enrollment period finder tells you which window applies to your situation.

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Related free tools

Enrollment Period Finder
Find the exact window you can change plans.
Sign-Up Window Calculator
Turning 65? See your 7-month window.
Late Enrollment Penalty
Estimate the permanent Part B / D penalty.

Frequently asked questions

When is Medicare open enrollment in 2026?

The Annual Enrollment Period runs October 15 to December 7, 2026, with changes effective January 1, 2027.

What is the difference between AEP and OEP?

AEP (Oct 15-Dec 7) is for everyone with Medicare. OEP (Jan 1-Mar 31) is only for people already enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan.

Can I change my Medicare plan any time?

No. You can only enroll or change during a valid window — your Initial period, AEP, the Advantage OEP, or a qualifying Special Enrollment Period.

Official sources

Figures on this page are verified against U.S. government primary sources: